Improvement in brick-machines



represented in the drawings.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE. I

JULIUS WILLERD, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHINES.

v deep-in which by means of anges or paddles h l) b and l) l h, Figs. 1 and 2, which are attached to a horizontal shaft and placed round it in a spiral position, so that they not only mix or temper the clay, but carry ittoward or to the molding end of the box over the trough, which will be described hereinafter. This temperv ing-shaftlies horizontally in the oblong tempering-box. These paddles may be made like the screw of an auger; but I prefer them as Near the hopper end of the box and over the trough in which the molding is mostly or partly performed the paddles are more numerous or thickly placed on the shaft. The clay after having undergone athorough tempering drops into the trough, which I shall now describe. It consists of one bottom and two side boards the length of three bricks and to contain when set up in a trough position a form as deep and wide as a brick. (p p, 85o., in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 represent their position.) These boards consisting of the or constituting the trough are moved forward under the hopper by means of a carriage. f (c, Fig. 1, is the end of the carriage, of which c c, Fig. 3, is a side view.) .This carriage plays horizontally forward and back on tracks CZ d, Fig. 1, which tracks are on the inner sides of the side pieces e e e e of the frame of the machine. This frame may be eight feet long and one and one-fourth foot wide and two and one-fourth feet high. This carriage is forced up to the left or toward the tempering-box by means of a rack ff, Fig. 3, and pinion-g, Fig. 3. This rack is on the under side in the middle of the carriage, the teeth downward. The rack is about three feet long, so as to move up the length of three bricks or the length of the trough or molding-boards. The pinion is on a horizontal shaft, which runs under the tempering-box and is driven by the same gearing which drives the tempering-shaft. Vhen this rack has run off-toward the tempering-box, it naturally runs out of gear with the pinion. Then to bring the carriage back there is a beam h, Figs. l and 3, which show a section of it, and h, Fig. 1, which plays on a bolt at t', Fig. 1. This beam runs lengthwise under the frame or under the molding and tempering end of the box, and this beam is attached by means of a bolt to the back end of the frame. The front end of the beam will rise and fall. The pinion-journal rests on this beam, and by means of a cam-lever the beam with the pinion is lowered or raised to throw the pinion and rack out of gear. j, Fig; 1, j, Fig. 3, is the cam-lever. This cam-lever is worked by hand. g, Fig. 1, is the same pinion as g,-Fig.

3, and 7c, Fig. 2, shows the shaft on which the pinion is fixed, and on this shaft the drivingwheel Z, Fig. 1, and Z, Fig. 2, is the same (driving) wheel, showing its position and gearing with m, an intermediate wheel to drive n, Fig. 2, which is on the end of the temperingshaft. The shaft which leads to the rack and containing the pinion, is jointed with a coupling to accommodate its rise and fall to gear and ungear with the rack. o, Figs. 2 and 1, shows the coupling to permit the shaft to bend, it being separated here to accommodate the rise and fall of the pinion g. The object of the carriage is to carry and force the molding-boards through under the hopper of the molding-trough p p, &c., in each ligure. p p represent the side molding-boards, and q, Fig. 1, and q q, Fig. 3, the position of three of the bottom molding-boards. These bottom boards lie on a series of horizontal rollers, as r r r r, Fig. 1, and r r, &c., Fig. 3, which rollers'have their journals in the sides of the frame-pieces, as e e e e, Fig. l. The carriage does not touch the rollers, nor does the molding-boards touch the carriage, except at the head of the carriage, as at c, Fig. 1, and c, Fig. 3, which is formed to hold the side molding-boards upright. There are side pieces, as fr @,re, and s, Fig. 1, attached to the frame to hold the side pieces p p in proper position. There are Vertical rollers, as t t, Fig 1, to guide the side molding-board. (In Fig. 1 there are now placed three lengths of molding-boards.) The clay Fig. l.

is now, we will suppose, dropping into the trough made by the molding-boards at u u, Fig. 2, u, Fig. 3, or u, Fig. 4. The carriage is moving up toward the left till the end, as e, Fig. 1, or c, Fig. 3, of the carriage comes up to the clay-box, as a, a, Fig. 1. The carriage may then be moved back by hand to its original place or placeof starting, and the moldingboards will remain under the box, as a a. but.

free from the inner sides of the side pieces or` molding-boards. After the third move ofthe carriage the form of clay arrives onto the place ot" cutting the form into proper lengths of bricks, as at the place from .fr to w, Fig. l, (the left end represented by the dots.) Here the side molding-boards are removed, as now represented, and by means of an apparatus y fy, Fig. l, containing two stretched wires,.as e' z, Fig. l, the form or strip of clay is cut into proper lengths for bricks by pressing the wires down through to the `bottom board, as seen at or by the lines l and 2, Fig. l. This apparatus for cutting the bricksinto lengths consists of a small square frame having-the wires strained across. The one end-of the frame is hinged to the side piece of the main frame and is pressed down through the strip or form by hand. As by the succeeding moves of the carriage, the bricks are carried onward on a continuation of rollers, as seen at s o, There is another wire, as 3 3, Fig. l, stretched horizontally across the frame of the machine to cut thebottom of the bricks, after having been cut into lengths, loose from the top of the bottom board, which'has now passed on three lengths or bricks from the form at the vertical or side wires.` (q, Fig. l, is the b'ottom board.) There is a gage-stop, astt, Fig.

l, to regulate the lengths of the moves of the .top of the side boards.

boards or molds, so' that the form of clay and boards shall stop4 in the proper place to cut the bricks. This gage consists of a sprin g fastened on the outside of' the side piece of the frame of the machine and passing through the frame, as -c,vby"a bent point, the extreme inner point, as the boards are moving along the sides of the bottom boards, and when the joint between the boards arrives the point insinuates between them and the boards stop and are in the proper place for dividing the form or strip into proper lengths by the vertically-cutting Wires. By drawing the stop outward from the joint (formed by the ends of the two bottom boards) the stop rubbing 4along against the edge of the bottom board till the next joint arrives, dac. The inside of the hopper, which wipes off the clayvas the troughpasses through, is sloping, having the front (with something like) from one-half to one inch large and terminating to a it on the side boards, it is lined with steel or copper, as well as the tops of the sides of the trough. The throat form is to smooth oft the top of the `form or bricks as well as to condense the clay .into the trough.

-same as p p, Fig. 3, Orp p under the box a 0;, Fig. 1, and 55 is a section of the hind part of the box, as at 5 5, Fig. 3, or 5 5, Fig. l. It

`will be seen that at 6, Fig. 4, there is a small throat over and between the side boards pp. This throat terminates to nothing at 7 7, Figs. Sand 4. Y

What Iclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

Themanner ot' forming the clay into long strips by means of the molding-trough constructed as described, and the combination of the same with the carriage and tempering apparatus, the `whole being constructed and operating as above set forth.

-. JULIUS VILLERD. Witnesses:

A. H. PENINGTON, S. H. REDGRAY.

Where it wipes the 

